Oncological diseases

Pancreatic cancer is one of the cancers that is often only detected very late. The condition does not cause any symptoms for a long time and in many cases is only diagnosed by chance.

The majority of all bladder cancers are urothelial carcinoma which are further subdivided into two types: tumours of non-invasive, papillary growth and those of muscle-invasive growth. At the time of first diagnosis, most bladder tumours tend to be non-invasive

The term leukaemia is used to describe various types of cancer of the blood-building system. As there are no localised tumours in these types of cancer, surgical removal is not an option.

As lung cancer often originates from the bronchi it is also known as bronchial carcinoma. There is a distinction between the small-cell and non-small cell type; for both, tobacco smoke is considered the main risk factor.

Mammary carcinoma is the technical term for breast cancer and is used to describe a malignant tumour in the mammary gland. Today, screening programmes ensure a good prognosis for this diagnosis which affects women in the majority of cases.

Colon cancer often involves a tumour in the colon and/or the rectum and is therefore also known as colorectal cancer.

If cancer develops in the female ovaries, this is called ovarian cancer. In most cases, the tumour is located in the tissue that covers the outside of the ovaries; this form of cancer is also called an epithelial tumour.

Melanoma develops from the pigment-containing cells of the skin known as melanocytes. Skin-cancer rates have been rising steadily over the past few decades. People with a family history and/or a lighter skin type are affected more commonly.

Benign and malignant growths in the brain are summarised under the umbrella term brain tumours. There are a variety of brain tumour types with vast differences in symptoms and prognosis

Infusion therapy is the administration of liquids for medical purposes. In severe, long-term illnesses such as cancer, continuous infusions are often part of the treatment.

Many types of cancer frequently metastasise (spread) to the bones. Bone metastasis causes significant symptoms in patients but can be treated quite well today in most cases.

Stomach cancer mostly develops from the lining of the stomach. Men are more frequently affected by this cancer than women. Smoking and a bad diet are among the most significant risk factors.

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men. Treatment options include surgery and radiation of the prostate, hormone therapy, chemotherapy and active monitoring.